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B1: Quiz 14 – Answers
B1: Quiz 14 – Answers
1)
a)
i) Stomata or stoma
ii) Guard cells
b) Carbon dioxide – diffuses from outside leaves to inside leaves
Oxygen – diffuses from inside leaves to outside leaves
Water vapour – diffuses from inside leaves to outside leaves
c) Carbon dioxide and it is used for photosynthesis
d) The air pockets increase the surface area of the plant cells with the air pockets, which means that a greater amount of gas exchange takes place as there is a greater surface area for gases to exchange
2)
a)
i) Oxygen – diffuses from water into the bloodstream. The fish uses the oxygen for respiration reactions, which provides energy
ii) Carbon dioxide – diffuses from the bloodstream into water.
b) The many gill filaments that are covered in lamellae gives the fish a very large surface area where gas exchange can take place. This increases the rate of diffusion as lots of gases can exchange at the same time
c) Opposite directions
d) The two are:
a)
i) Stomata or stoma
ii) Guard cells
b) Carbon dioxide – diffuses from outside leaves to inside leaves
Oxygen – diffuses from inside leaves to outside leaves
Water vapour – diffuses from inside leaves to outside leaves
c) Carbon dioxide and it is used for photosynthesis
d) The air pockets increase the surface area of the plant cells with the air pockets, which means that a greater amount of gas exchange takes place as there is a greater surface area for gases to exchange
2)
a)
i) Oxygen – diffuses from water into the bloodstream. The fish uses the oxygen for respiration reactions, which provides energy
ii) Carbon dioxide – diffuses from the bloodstream into water.
b) The many gill filaments that are covered in lamellae gives the fish a very large surface area where gas exchange can take place. This increases the rate of diffusion as lots of gases can exchange at the same time
c) Opposite directions
d) The two are:
- A very good blood supply through capillaries that go very close to all places in the gills
- Short distances between the lamellae and the capillaries – the distance is only a few cells thick
Questions
1)
a)
i) The bottom of leaves on plants have tiny holes. What is the name for these tiny holes?
ii) What is the name of the cells that surround these tiny holes on the bottom of leaves?
b) 3 gases diffuse into or out of leaves through these tiny holes. Give the names of the 3 gases and give the direction of diffusion (outside leaves to inside leaves, or inside leaves to outside leaves)
c) One of the 3 gases diffuses from outside leaves to inside leaves. What is the name of this gas and what is it used for?
d) Leaves contain air pockets. How do these air pockets help the efficient diffusion of gases?
2) Fish have gills.
a) There are two different gas exchanges that take place in gills.
i) Which gas diffuses from water into the bloodstream and what does the fish use this gas for?
ii) Which gas diffuses from the bloodstream to water?
b) Fish have many gill filaments and each of these gill filaments are covered in lamellae. How do the many gill filaments that are covered in lamellae help gas exchange?
c) In the gills, does water and blood flow in the same direction or the opposite direction?
d) Give two other ways that the gills in fish are adapted for the efficient exchange of gases. Do not give any of the ways that have been discussed in the previous parts of this question. You do not need to explain how the two other ways helps the efficient exchange of gases.
1)
a)
i) The bottom of leaves on plants have tiny holes. What is the name for these tiny holes?
ii) What is the name of the cells that surround these tiny holes on the bottom of leaves?
b) 3 gases diffuse into or out of leaves through these tiny holes. Give the names of the 3 gases and give the direction of diffusion (outside leaves to inside leaves, or inside leaves to outside leaves)
c) One of the 3 gases diffuses from outside leaves to inside leaves. What is the name of this gas and what is it used for?
d) Leaves contain air pockets. How do these air pockets help the efficient diffusion of gases?
2) Fish have gills.
a) There are two different gas exchanges that take place in gills.
i) Which gas diffuses from water into the bloodstream and what does the fish use this gas for?
ii) Which gas diffuses from the bloodstream to water?
b) Fish have many gill filaments and each of these gill filaments are covered in lamellae. How do the many gill filaments that are covered in lamellae help gas exchange?
c) In the gills, does water and blood flow in the same direction or the opposite direction?
d) Give two other ways that the gills in fish are adapted for the efficient exchange of gases. Do not give any of the ways that have been discussed in the previous parts of this question. You do not need to explain how the two other ways helps the efficient exchange of gases.